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Black Hole: How an Idea Abandoned
Free PDF Black Hole: How an Idea Abandoned
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The contentious history of the idea of the black hole—the most fascinating and bizarre celestial object in the heavens
For more than half a century, physicists and astronomers engaged in heated dispute over the possibility of black holes in the universe. The weirdly alien notion of a space-time abyss from which nothing escapes—not even light—seemed to confound all logic. This engrossing book tells the story of the fierce black hole debates and the contributions of Einstein and Hawking and other leading thinkers who completely altered our view of the universe.
Renowned science writer Marcia Bartusiak shows how the black hole helped revive Einstein’s greatest achievement, the general theory of relativity, after decades during which it had been pushed into the shadows. Not until astronomers discovered such surprising new phenomena as neutron stars and black holes did the once-sedate universe transform into an Einsteinian cosmos, filled with sources of titanic energy that can be understood only in the light of relativity. This book celebrates the hundredth anniversary of general relativity, uncovers how the black hole really got its name, and recounts the scientists’ frustrating, exhilarating, and at times humorous battles over the acceptance of one of history’s most dazzling ideas.
- Sales Rank: #288260 in Books
- Published on: 2016-03-22
- Original language: English
- Number of items: 1
- Dimensions: .60" h x 5.50" w x 8.20" l, .0 pounds
- Binding: Paperback
- 256 pages
Review
"Bartusiak's new book is thoroughly researched, beautifully written, and full of insights about the nature of the scientific enterprise. Aficionados of black holes will love this book."--Alan Lightman, author of "Einstein's Dreams" and "The Accidental Universe"
"Astronomers took fifty years to carry the black hole from laughable concept to central importance in every galaxy. Marcia Bartusiak accomplishes the same feat here, in one irresistibly attractive read."--Dava Sobel, author of "Longitude"
"Marcia Bartusiak takes us on a fascinating ride around black holes, showing the beauty and mystery of a concept that has intrigued scientists from Einstein to Hawking."--Walter Isaacson, CEO of the Aspen Institute and author of "Benjamin Franklin," "Einstein," and "Steve Jobs"
"An engrossing and mind-bending read . . . Bartusiak provides a front row seat as many of the most famous scientists of all time grapple with the strangest objects in the universe, black holes."--Adam Riess, Nobel Laureate in Physics, 2011
"Captivating and authoritative, "Black Hole" traces a truly weird concept from its tentative conjecture to inescapable reality. Bartusiak recounts a compelling tale with quirky turns, curious revelations, intellectual rumbles and personal gambles."--Ray Jayawardhana, author of" Neutrino Hunters"
Bartusiak's new book is thoroughly researched, beautifully written, and full of insights about the nature of the scientific enterprise. Aficionados of black holes will love this book. Alan Lightman, author of "Einstein's Dreams" and "The Accidental Universe"--Alan Lightman (07/10/2014)"
Astronomers took fifty years to carry the black hole from laughable concept to central importance in every galaxy. Marcia Bartusiak accomplishes the same feat here, in one irresistibly attractive read. Dava Sobel, author of "Longitude"--Dava Sobel (11/17/2014)"
Marcia Bartusiak takes us on a fascinating ride around black holes, showing the beauty and mystery of a concept that has intrigued scientists from Einstein to Hawking. Walter Isaacson, CEO of the Aspen Institute and author of "Benjamin Franklin," "Einstein," and "Steve Jobs"--Walter Isaacson (11/21/2014)"
An engrossing and mind-bending read . . .Bartusiak provides a front row seat as many of the most famous scientists of all time grapple with the strangest objects in the universe, black holes. Adam Riess, Nobel Laureate in Physics, 2011--Adam Riess (12/05/2014)"
Captivating and authoritative, "Black Hole"traces a truly weird concept from its tentative conjecture to inescapable reality. Bartusiak recounts a compelling tale with quirky turns, curious revelations, intellectual rumbles and personal gambles. Ray Jayawardhana, author of"Neutrino Hunters"--Ray Jayawardhana (01/02/2015)"
Fear not; you don t need an advanced degree to enjoy this entertaining tale of how black holes meandered their way from theoretical oddity into everyday consciousness. . . . A beautiful case study in how scientific ideas grow through inspiration, thought and, finally, observation." Mike Brown, "Wall Street Journal"--Mike Brown "Wall Street Journal ""
""Black Hole" is engaging and lively, weaving in personal drama . . . with a clear account of the underlying science. An acclaimed science writer." Tom Siegfried, "Science News"--Tom Siegfried "Science News ""
"Expertly tells the story of the emergence of black holes. . . . [Bartusiak] offers a concise but comprehensive history . . . from the 18th century ponderings of stars massive enough that light could not escape to present-day studies of these very real objects." Jeff Foust, "The Space Review"--Jeff Foust "The Space Review ""
"Lively and readable. . . . Read it if you want to know how the concept of black holes has changed dramatically over the past 100 years from being an apparent mistake in the maths to the strangest and most outlandish objects that we (currently) know of." Pippa Goldschmidt, "Spectator"--Pippa Goldschmidt "Spectator ""
"Tells this story with . . . an accessibility that other popular writers in the field have sometimes struggled to achieve when dealing with the subject. There s as much history and character study as hard science, which is no bad thing, and even the most mathophobic reader will find this book a satisfying and enlightening read." Mike Parker, "Tribune magazine"--Mike Parker "Tribune magazine ""
"Lively and dramatic. . . . There's no danger of being bored. Bartusiak does a good job of tracing the twisted route that our understanding has followed, from Newton to Einstein and to today as we try to extend gravity to quantum scales." Tara Shears, "Times Higher Education Supplement"--Tara Shears "Times Higher Education Supplement ""
[A] reliable and readable account of this amazing story. Andrew Crumey, "Literary Review."--Andrew Crumey"Literary Review" (07/01/2015)"
About the Author
Marcia Bartusiak is Professor of the Practice, Graduate Program in Science Writing, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, and the award-winning author of five previous books, including most recently The Day We Found the Universe. She lives in Sudbury, MA.
Most helpful customer reviews
34 of 35 people found the following review helpful.
A good overview of the history and science of black holes
By Ash Jogalekar
Black holes are unusual objects. They are now recognized as some of the most important cosmic laboratories for studying all kinds of physics phenomena, from general relativity to quantum mechanics. And yet as science writer Marcia Bartusiak describes in this book, their road to success has been paved with a lack of interest from their own pioneers and many haphazard detours.
Bartusiak traces the conception of the idea of black holes to a Cambridge don named Joh Mitchell who asked whether an object could be so dense that even light would not escape its gravitational pull. This idea lay buried in the scientific literature until the early 20th century when astronomers began asking questions about the constitution of stars. It was a young Indian astrophysicist Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar who first thought about gravitational collapse on his way to graduate school in England. Bartusiak describes well Chandrasekhar's battles with the old English establishment of astronomers in getting his ideas accepted. He was so frustrated in his endeavors that he switched to studying other topics before he finally got the Nobel Prize for his work decades later.
The next actors on the stage were the volatile Fritz Zwicky and the brilliant Lev Landau and Robert Oppenheimer. Landaa and Zwicky laid out the first contours of what's called a neutron star while Oppenheimer was really the first scientist who asked what happens when a star completely collapses to a point, what was later called a singularity. Interestingly both Oppenheimer and Einstein - whose general theory relativity shines in all its glory in black holes - either refused to accept their reality or showed a complete lack of interest in them in their later years. After his pioneering work Oppenheimer never even entertained the subject. The story of black holes is a good instance of scientific revolutionaries turning conservative.
As Bartusiak narrates, it fell to a young breed of brilliant scientists led by John Wheeler in the US, Dennis Sciama in the UK and Yakov Zeldovich in the USSR to work out the details of black hole astrophysics. They in turn inspired a whole generation of students like Kip Thorne, Roger Penrose and Stephen Hawking who contributed to the discipline. Bartusiak's book also has a readable account of the experimental discoveries in x-ray and radio astronomy which turned black holes from speculation to reality. As the book makes it clear, the importance of observational astronomy and developments in electronics in the discovery of these wondrous objects cannot be underestimated.
The book ends with a brief description of Hawking's work on black holes that led to the proposal of so-called Hawking radiation, energetic radiation engendered by the principles of quantum mechanics that can allow particles to escape from a black hole's surface. I was disappointed that Bartusiak does not pay more attention to this exciting frontier, especially regarding the meld of ideas from information theory and computer science with thermodynamics and quantum mechanics that has been published in the last few years. Overall Bartusiak's volume is a good introduction to the history and physics of black holes. My only concern is that it covers very little information that has not been already documented by other books. Kip Thorne's "Black Holes and Time Warps: Einstein's Outrageous Legacy" remains the standard reference in the field and covers all these discoveries and more much more comprehensively and engagingly, while Pedro Ferreira's "The Perfect Theory" which came out this year treads the same ground of experimental discoveries. This is not a bad book at all but it came out slightly late: if you really want to read one book on black holes I think it should be Thorne's.
0 of 0 people found the following review helpful.
She loves it!
By R. Garcia
I bought this book as a gift for my 92 year-old mother who has a love affair with the Hubble Telescope. She is fascinated by Black Holes and space in general. She loves the stories about the pioneers in space study and can follow most of the scientific descriptions even though she doesn't have a strong academic background. I compared this to a lot of other books and chose this one specifically because it seems to be written with the average person in mind.
0 of 0 people found the following review helpful.
A clear view of recent developments in physics, from the inside
By Brenda Brown
This is an excellent, very readable, book on an important part of the history of physics and, not incidentally, on what might be called the sociology of physics. What I mean by that is the way in which the various parts of the physics and astronomy community interact with one another. Very recent detection of the collision of two black holes adds great interest to this subject.
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